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George Mathew Fernandes〔 "(i) Accused George Mathew Fernandes (hereinafter referred to as George Fernandes Al) is the former Chairman of the Socialist Party of India and also the President of the All India Railway- men's Federation."〕 (born 3 June 1930) is a former Indian trade unionist, politician, journalist,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Biographical Sketch (Member of Parliament: 13th Lok Sabha) )〕 agriculturist, and member of ''Rajya Sabha'' from Bihar.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Shri George Fernandes General Information )〕 He was a key member of the Janata Dal, and is the founder of the Samata Party. He has held several ministerial portfolios including communications, industry, railways, and defence, and was the only Christian minister in Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee's cabinet. A native of Mangalore, Fernandes was sent to Bangalore in 1946 to be trained as a priest. In 1949 he moved to Bombay, where he joined the socialist trade union movement. Becoming a fiery trade union leader, Fernandes organised many strikes and ''bandhs'' in Bombay in the 1950s and 1960s He Was Working in Indian Railways Service. He defeated Mr S K Patil a Indian national Congress stalwart in the 1967 parliamentary elections from the South Bombay (now south Mumbai) constituency and was known as a giant killer.The most notable agitation he organised was the 1974 Railway strike, when he was President of the All India Railwaymen's Federation. Fernandes went underground during the Emergency era of 1975, while challenging Prime Minister Indira Gandhi for imposing a state of emergency, but in 1976 he was arrested and tried in the infamous Baroda dynamite case. In 1977, after the Emergency had been lifted, Fernandez won the Muzaffarpur seat in Bihar in absentia and was appointed as Union Minister for Industries. During his tenure as union minister, he ordered American multinationals IBM and Coca Cola to leave the country, due to investment violations. He was the driving force behind the Konkan Railway project during his tenure as railway minister from 1989 to 1990. He was a defence minister in the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) Government (1998–2004), when the Kargil War broke out between India and Pakistan, and India conducted its nuclear tests at Pokhran. A veteran socialist, Fernandes has been dogged by various controversies, including the Barak Missile scandal and the Tehelka affair. George Fernandes won nine Lok Sabha elections from 1967 to 2004. ==Early life== George Fernandes was born on 3 June 1930 to John Joseph Fernandes and Alice Martha Fernandes (''née'' Pinto), in Mangalore to a Mangalorean Catholic family.〔 The eldest of six children, his siblings are Lawrence, Michael, Paul, Aloysius, and Richard. His mother was a great admirer of King George V (who was also born on 3 June), hence she named her first son George. His father was employed by the Peerless Finance group as an insurance executive, and headed their office of South India for several years. George was fondly called "Gerry" in close family circles. He completed his Secondary School Leaving Certificate (SSLC) at St. Aloysius College, Mangalore. In the orthodox tradition of the family, George being the eldest son, was sent for religious education to St Peter's Seminary in Bangalore at the age of 16, to be trained as a Roman Catholic priest from 1946 to 1948. At the age of 19, he left the seminary due to sheer frustration because he was appalled that the rectors ate better food and sat at higher tables than the seminarians. He later confessed that, "I was disillusioned, because there was a lot of difference between precept and practice where the Church was concerned."〔 He began work at the age of 19, organising exploited workers in the road transport industry and in the hotels and restaurants in Mangalore. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George Fernandes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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